Okay Spring 1901 is in and here's what we had:
Quote:Austria: Army Budapest -> Serbia.
Austria: Army Vienna -> Trieste.
Austria: Fleet Trieste -> Albania.
England: Army Liverpool -> Yorkshire.
England: Fleet Edinburgh -> North Sea.
England: Fleet London -> English Channel.
France: Army Marseilles -> Burgundy.
France: Army Paris -> Gascony.
France: Fleet Brest -> Mid-Atlantic Ocean.
Germany: Army Berlin -> Kiel.
Germany: Army Munich -> Tyrolia.
Germany: Fleet Kiel -> Denmark.
Italy: Army Rome -> Apulia.
Italy: Army Venice -> Tyrolia.
Italy: Fleet Naples -> Ionian Sea.
Russia: Army Moscow -> Ukraine.
Russia: Army Warsaw -> Galicia.
Russia: Fleet Sevastopol -> Black Sea.
Russia: Fleet St Petersburg (south coast) -> Gulf of Bothnia.
Turkey: Army Constantinople -> Bulgaria.
Turkey: Army Smyrna -> Armenia.
Turkey: Fleet Ankara -> Black Sea.
Names and descriptions are from the
Diplomacy Openings Library (of course there's a Diplomacy Openings Library
Austria: BALKAN GAMBIT, TRIESTE VARIATION
The Balkan Gambit with A Vie-Tri, designed to defend against Italy. The paradox is that an Italian attack is more likely to begin with A Ven-Tyr rather than A Ven-Tri. If there is a A Tyr, A Ven you can still force Italy to guess (Vie or supported attack on Tri), being able to divert A Ser to defend Tri. This is the single most popular Austrian opening.
The Gamer's Guide to Diplomacy says, "this is virtually the opening for Austria. It is followed by F Alb-Gre and A Ser S Alb-Gre, gaining two centers. Austria should make no other opening without sound and sufficient reason. In this opening, the object of distrust is Italy, though the Trieste army can still defend against Russia if she opened to Galicia. As in The Galician Variation, however, the defense is primarily a guessing game."
England: SOUTHERN OPENING
Richard Sharp's name for the opening F Lon-ENG, F Edi-NTH. There are three named variations:
the Edinburgh variation,
the Welsh Opening, and
the Yorkshire Opening.
France: ATLANTIC OPENING, THE VINEYARD
In the Vineyard Opening, France conducts himself with pro-English intentions, but moves to enable an army to protect Brest against a Channel invasion. If England proves trustworthy, the Iberian centers can both be taken by armies in Fall.
The idea is to arrange a stand-off with Germany in Bur and then capture Spain from Marseilles and Portugal via convoy, leaving France with F MAO and more options for 1902. This opening gained popularity in the 1980's in British postal circles.
This opening is used in case the Germans try a stab. Perhaps Belgium can be picked up, too. In either case, Marseilles is covered. This opening can be used in alliance with England, where a strong push into the Mediterranean is desired, and Germany is neutral.
Germany: ANSCHLUSS OPENING
Richard Sharp's strategic notion that Germany should, in the early game, strive to keep Austria strong to reduce both powers vulnerability as central (and surrounded) powers. Although they take their name from the annexation of Austria by Nazi-Germany in March 1938, Anschluss alliances are generally regarded as essentially pro-Austrian, with Germany using diplomatic leverage to discourage other powers -- in particularly Russia (with the threat of standing him out of Sweden in 1901) -- from attacking his ally. Tactically, Anschluss openings entail F Kie-Den and A Ber-Kie. Munich either HOLDs or stands off in Burgundy or Tyrolia (the pure Anschluss), or even enters Tyrolia or Bohemia, with Italy told that this unit will aid Austria if Italy attacks. The advantage for Germany is that it is statistically evident that Germany is far less likely to win if Austria is eliminated early in the game. There are three variants:
Sudetenland Variant (A Mun-Boh);
Tyrolean Variant (A Mun-Tyr);
Silesia Variant (A Mun-Sil).
The pure Anschluss is Germany's fourth most common opening. Unless a standoff in Burgundy occurs, it bespeaks an aggressive German player almost certainly allied with England. A standoff is more ambiguous, but may be Germany's attempt to head off a France-England-Russian blitz.
Italy: LEPANTO, TYROLIAN VARIATION
The order A Ven-Tyr is favored in many quarters, as it is is positive and powerful. It allows A Tyr-Mun if there is an Anglo-German alliance threatening France. This will bolster the French defense and help keep the West stalemated. A Ven-Tyr may also stand off a German sneak attack from Munich. It also gives the possibility of A Tyr-Boh (and thence to Gal), adding to Austria's defensive line if this is necessary.
Common wisdom is that on no account should Italy stab Austria. The short-term gains may be all right, but the long-term price is not something Italy would wish to pay. On the other hand, Leif Bergman advocates just that, stabbing Austria, in his Diplomatic Pouch article "Go Fasta Go Fasta."
Russia: UKRAINE SYSTEM
Richard Sharp's name for any Russian opening involving the moves F StP/sc-Fin/BOT, A Mos-Ukr. There are five named variations:
the Austrian Attack (A War-Gal, F Sev-Rum)
the Livonia Variation (A War-Lvn)
the German Attack Variation (A War-Sil)
the Southern Defence (A War-Gal, F Sev-BLA)
the Southern Houseboat Variation (A War-Gal, F Sev H)
Turkey: CRIMEAN CRUSHER
Turkey opening to Bul, BLA, and Arm is an aggressive opening that allows all three pieces to be used against Russia in the fall. Even if the fleet move succeeds, though, if Russia is in Rum, Ukr and Sev, Turkey must still second guess Russia for a second center if Austrian help is unavailable, and may lose BLA in the process.
This opening poses all sorts of problems for Russia. If she has trustingly ordered F Sev-Rum she is in real trouble. Even if she ordered, F Sev-BLA, she is going to have difficulty maintaining her position.