Great report, BWardley! Very entertaining to read. Now, as for some of the specifics:
Your second city location (New York) had great potential, but the jungle greatly limited what could be done in the early game. I considered that area for one of the three cultural cities, but ultimately rejected it because it would be impossible to get culture going before Iron Working. It was interesting to me that you ultimately reached the same conclusion. Oh, and since you had horses, why not build some chariots for early barb defense? They're very cheap and can handle anything short of barb axes pretty well.
Your third city (Boston) was founded on the same location as my second city! They evolved somewhat differently (I focused more on cottages, usually leaving one of the two gold mines unworked) over their lifespans - fun to see the same spots being taken.
The biggest problem diplomatically is that you were running Hinduism as your state religion, while no one else aside from Saladin was doing the same. It's hard to keep everyone happy, especially with Aggressive AIs turned on; religion is often the best way to accomplish that. Your terrible luck in getting Hinduism to spread was undoubtedly a major factor here. (Vishnu bears an unfortunate resemblance to Alex Rodriguez)
Converting to Confucianism was a nice move - even if it didn't save you from more grief down the road! The four-way pile-on from your neighbors looked... painful. One thing that was very unlucky in your game was so many AI civs founding their own religion. Alex had his own religion (Christianity), Peter had his own religion (Taoism), as well as the usual Monty and Hatty. With so many different religions floating around, a lot of hate gets built up between the AIs - and against the player. It's a no-win scenario. I think that helps to explain why your game was more violent than mine, where Confucianism was the dominant religion and Christianity/Taoism/Islam were all buried without seeing the light of day.
How many total war declarations came against you in this game? I tried to count; I think I counted 8 before you even reached 1500AD... One thing I don't like about Civ4 is the way in which the AIs sometimes seem to gang up on the player. They are actually programmed to attack civs that are weak, but when your military count drops, YOU are the weakest civ, so what was intended to be fair ends up becoming a vicious dogpile. It's one of the worst aspects of the gameplay we ended up with.
All musketmen icons look like Adam Morrison â make joke about this
No, you can't captured Great People either. Maybe the spies will be able to do that in the expansion, but no such luck right now.
Truly an entertaining game - I don't think I've ever seen quite so much warring before. That game had Civ3-levels of warring, and our longtimers here will know what I mean when I say that. I hope the ending wasn't TOO painful to play through! I had my reasons for setting the game on Epic speed and not Normal, but you mostly had to pay the penalty of increased tedium. Sorry about that!
Thanks for the report!